The bootc tooling and project are the nexus of a lot of the functionality that enable containers to be used to deploy Linux systems:

Obviously all the usual container tooling should be used to build images, such as Podman, Docker, Quay, Docker Hub, and so on. The Image Builder project can be used to convert bootable container images to disk images when necessary:

Packages and software should use the various standards that together work toward making an immutable and hermetic. Each of these work toward the same principles that make software behave better bootable contianers and containers in general.

The composefs, overlayfs, fs-verity and UKI provide the basic technology to pursue the trust chain work.

Podman Desktop can be used to get started with bootable container images:

The Universal Blue project is pursuing this today via a variety of images:

There are proposals in Fedora to implement bootable container images as an image mode for the operating system.